|
DIFFERENT TYPES OF AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND WATER LIFTING DEVICES USED IN BRITISH INDIA
1
Author(s):
SUKHWINDER KAUR
Vol - 8, Issue- 5 ,
Page(s) : 262 - 280
(2017 )
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/IRJMST
Abstract
Agriculture is main occupation of Indian farmers from Ancient time. There are so many works in agricultural production such as ploughing, sowing, harvesting and threshing etc. and to complete these work farmers needed equipments. With the help of these implements agricultural works were become easy. In this paper I have described different types of agricultural implements and water lifting devices which were used in British India for daily agricultural work.
- Alaev, L.B, ‘The System of Agricultural Production in South India’,Tapan Raychaudhuri and Habib, Irfan, The Cambridge Economic History of India, c.1200-c.1750, Orient Longman with Cambridge University Press,Volume-I, New Delhi, 1982.
- Amritsar District Gazetteer 1892-93, Revised Edition, Revenue Department, Government of Punjab, Chandigarh, 1991.
- Banerjee, Himadri, Agrarian Society of Punjab 1849-1901, Manohar, New Delhi, 1982.
- Dutt, C.P and B.M.Pugh, Farm Science, Kitabistan, Allahabad, 1940.
- Ferozepore District Gazetteer 1883-84, Revenue Department, Government of Punjab, Chandigarh.
- Gadkary, D.A., Mechanical Cultivation in India, The Manager of Publications, Delhi, 1957.
- Gyanender Singh, Agricultural Machinery Industry in India (Manufacturing, Marketing and Mechanization Promotion), Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal.
- Haryana District Gazetteer, Reprint of Karnal District Gazetteer 1883-84, Revenue Department Haryana, Chandigarh, 1999.
- Kherdekar, D. N., Agricultural Engineering for Extension Workers, Ministry of Food and Agriculture, New Delhi, 1959.
- Mollison,J., A Text-Book on Indian Agriculture, Volume-1, Bombay, 1901.
- Mukhia, Harbans, ‘Agricultural Technology in Medieval India’, Aniruddha Ray and Bagchi, Bagchi,S.K., Technology in Ancient and Medieval India, Sandeep Parkashan, New Delhi, 1986.
- Principles and Practices of Minor Irrigation in India, Ministry of Community Development, New Delhi, 1957.
- Punjab District Gazetteer, Ferozepore District Gazetteer 1915, Revenue Department, Government of Punjab, Chandigarh, Volume-XXX A, 1998.
- Punjab District Gazetteer, Hoshiarpur District Gazetteer 1904, Part-A, Reprint, Government of Punjab, Chandigarh, Volume-XII A, 1988.
- Punjab District Gazetteer, Reprint of Ludhiana District and Malerkotla State Gazetteer 1904, Revenue Department, Government of Punjab, Chandigarh, 2002.
- Raghavan, D., Indigenous Agricultural Implements of India: An All India Survey, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Government of India, New Delhi, 1960.
- Randhawa,M.S, A History of Agriculture in India: 1757-1947, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Volume-III, New Delhi, 1983.
- Report on the Administration of the Punjab and Its Dependencies 1897-98.
- Report on the Progress of Agriculture in India for 1918-19, Government of India, 1919.
- Thos Halcott, Indian Science and Technology in the Eighteen Century(account in Dharampal), Delhi 1971, Reprint Hyderabad 1983.
- Varma, Lachhman Das and Ishwar Das Mehra, Fundamentals of Panjab Agriculture, Lahore Book Shop, Ludhiana.
- Venkateswaran, P.A., Agriculture in South India, Ministry of Food and Agriculture, New Delhi, 1961.
- Voelcker, J.A., Report on Improvement of Indian Agriculture, Agricol, New Delhi, 1986.
- Voelcker,J.A, Report on the Improvement of Indian Agriculture, Calcutta, 1878.
- Wallace, Robert, India in 1887, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 1888.
|