RURAL-urban disparities, particularly in post-colonial countries, have for long been one of the causes of concern for the policymakers. The disparities are seen in all spheres of human life-economic and non-economic. The ex-tent of disparities, however, differs from country to country. India is the largest democracy with consistent economic growth rate since independence. India is also third largest scientific and technological workforce. . Despite these developments, there is a wide gap between rural and urban India with respect to technology, living condition, economic empowerment etc. Rural India lack access to education, nutrition, health care, sanitation, land and other assets and they are trapped into poverty. In rural India there is high number of Infant Mortality with low Life Expectancy at Birth Rate. Rural India mostly depends on agricultural sector. The paper critically examines the understanding, approach and indicators that have been used to measure the degree of disparity. It is fact that disparity exists everywhere. However, this paper highlights on disparities existing between rural and urban areas. In this context, it talks about ‘why’ and ‘how’ disparities exist between rural and urban areas. Due to this there is a large scale migration of labour forces from rural to urban in search of employment. 8-12% growth rate in the secondary and tertiary sector help Urban India as an emerging global information based economy still urbanization of poverty is a major concern. In this paper an attempt is made to study the rural-urban disparity with the help of selected socio-economic indicators and economic growth .