|
FACTOR STRUCTURE OF UNREALISTIC OPTIMISM
2
Author(s):
DR. LOKESH GUPTA , PROF. RAJBIR SINGH
Vol - 6, Issue- 9 ,
Page(s) : 109 - 114
(2015 )
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/IRJMST
Abstract
“Unrealistic optimism” or “Optimistic bias” has similar meaning. Each term suggests that people are realistic in their judgment about the average person, but are unrealistic, biased regarding their personal judgments. They refer to an underestimation of the likelihood (or probability) of experiencing a negative event. In present study a tool was constructed of 8 items for the measurement of unrealistic optimism. The sample of 103 young adult was collected from Rohtak(Haryana) and Delhi on the bases of availability. A correlational design was used. Factor analysis was done to identify the factor structure of unrealistic optimism. Hence, the measure suggests two facets of unrealistic optimism: Unrealistic optimistic for upcoming future and Comparative optimistic.
- Brown, J. D. (1986). Evaluations of self and others: Self-enhancement biases in social judgments. Social Cognition, 4, 353-376.
- Buehler, R., & Griffin, D. (2003). Planning, personality, and prediction: The role of future focus in optimistic time predictions. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 92, 80 –90.doi: 10.1016/S0749-5978 (03)00089-X
- Buehler, R., Griffin, D., & MacDonald, H. (1997).The role of motivated reasoning in optimistic time predictions.Personality and Social Psychological Bulletin, 23, 238 –247.doi: 10.1177/0146167297233003
- Buehler, R., Griffin, D., & Ross, M. (1994).Exploring the “planning fallacy”: Why people underestimate their task completion times.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 366 –381.doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.67.3.366
- Festinger, L. A. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7, 117-140.
- Goethals, G. R., Messick, D. M., & Allison, S. T. (1991). The uniqueness bias: Studies of constructive social comparison. In J. Suls& T. A. Wills (Eds.), Social comparison research: Contemporary theory and research, (pp. 149-176). HilIsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Harris, A. J., & Hahn, U. (2011). Theoretical Note Unrealistic Optimism about future life events: A cautionary note. Psychological Review, 118, 135-154.
- Hoorens, V. (1995).Self-favoring biases, self-presentation, and the self-other asymmetry in social comparison.Journal of Personality, 63, 793-817.
- Kahneman, D., &Tversky, A. (1973).On the psychology of prediction.Psychological Review, 80, 237–251. doi: 10.1037/h0034747
- Kahneman, D., &Tversky, A. (1979). Intuitive prediction: Biases and corrective procedures. TIMS Studies in Management Science, 12, 313–327.
- Langer, E. (1975). The illusion of control.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 311–328. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.32.2.311
- Langer, E. J., & Roth, J. (1975). Heads I win, tails it’s chance: The illusion of control as a function of the sequence of outcomes in a purely chance task. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 951–955. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.32.6.951
- Perloff, L. S., &Fetzer, B. K. (1986).Self-other judgments and perceived vulnerability to victimization.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 502-510.
- Shepperd, J. A., Patrick, C., Grace, J., & Terry, M. (2002).Exploring the Causes of Comparative Optimism.PsychologicaBelgica,42, 65–98.
- Svenson, O. (1981). Are we all less risky and more skillful than our fellow drivers? ActaPsychologica, 47, 143–148. doi: 10.1016/0001-6918 (81)90005-6
- Taylor, S. E. (1989). Positive illusions: Creative self-deception and the healthy mind. New York: Basic Books.
- Weinstein, N. D. (1980). Unrealistic optimism about future life events.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 806 – 820. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.39.5.806
|